![]() ![]() Thus, based on the findings, recommendation is made to planners and policymakers so as to alleviate the observed shortcomings. Competition over water sources and pastureland coupled with border dispute and cattle raid were identified as the long standing causes of armed conflict which in turn result in school activity disruption. Mandatory seasonal mobility, frequent conflicts and conflict induced displacement were cited as the most pronounced disenabling features.Drought and harsh weather were the driving forces of mobility. The demand side limitations were identified as dispersed settlement patterns, demand for child labour, bride-price and peer pressure. Problem of funding, inability to attract and retain qualified teaching staff, poorly equipped schools and community perception of modern education as a threat to pastoralist way of life were the major supply related shortcomings. ![]() The results also showed that existence of both supply and demand side constraints. The study identified several cultural and economic barriers such as early marriage, lack of interest for modern education, parental level of education, mobility, child labor, poverty and finance. The steps involved were organizing and preparing data for analysis, reading through all data, coding, generating a description of the settings and people and identifying categories or themes for analysis, representing descriptions and themes in the qualitative narrative and interpretation. The data obtained through these data collection instruments were analysed thematically. Data were collected through the use of different instruments: Strutted interview, focus group discussion, and document review and observation checklist. Seven members of parent teacher associations, 20 teachers, 4 school principals, 14 education experts and officials, a total of 45 respondents took part in the study. Participants of the study were selected by employing purposive sampling mainly on the basis of their roles related to schooling. To achieve this purpose, a qualitative research method was employed. This study explores into impediments of pastoral children's participation into schooling and education with particular emphasis on the primary school of selected Woreda, Afar Zone. ![]() Pastoralists are among the marginalized groups of society who live in a marginalized environment and whose livelihood is exposed to the vagaries of climate and harsh environmental conditions. ![]()
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